Rebellion is open, armed, organized resistance to constituted political authority that often fails of its purpose
Revolution is the overthrow of one government and its replacement with another.
Revolt is rejection of and rebellion against a prevailing state of affairs or a controlling authority.
Mutiny is revolt against constituted authority, especially by sailors.
Insurrection and uprising apply to popular revolts that are sometimes limited or are viewed as being the first indications of a more extensive rebellion.